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Prima Scriptura: some clarifications

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Last week I posted an article over at Emergent Village titled “What Happens After Sola Scriptura?” exploring what I believe is viable alternative to a traditional view of Scripture.  An alternative that maintains a deep respect for Scripture and takes it very seriously while admitting our limitations as human beings who cannot read Scripture (or anything for that matter) in a vacuum.  My contention was that reading is always already interpretation and interpretation is always already situational.  The history of hermeneutics is indicative of that and I think it demonstrative that Scripture is not infallible or inerrant.  Even if it was, our ability to read it without biases or prejudices is permanently inhibited — we are human after all.  And I believe that is part of the human condition.

The article received a quite a bit of feedback, some positive and some negative.  However, I great deal of the responses fell into one of two categories, both of which I feel missed the larger point I was trying to get across.  So I want to take a minute and address each of them.

First, the original post was not written from a historical perspective nor was it meant to evaluated as such.  I understand that Luther and other Reformers posited a different idea of Sola Scriptura than what I delineated.  I also understand that Luther lived in a different time than we do, more specifically a period prior to the Enlightenment.  I’m sure that Luther et al. meant well and I believe that Sola Scriptura was helpful and useful for them during the Reformation.  But as post-Enlightenment individuals, I don’t believe we can hold such ideas in the same manner as we once could.  And I think the various ways in which Sola Scriptura has been abused and misused since then are demonstrative of that fact.  We have a different type of consciousness and Sola Scriptura today means something wholly different than it did in the 16th century.  We can’t help that.  There is no going back in my view.  And because our understand has changed, so must our response.  Which is why I suggest Prima Scriptura as an alternative to Sola Scriptura as it has come to be understood.  I have no desire to take on the entire Reformation.  I believe it was helpful and I admire it, which is why I refuse to let it crust over into dogma.  I believe we must always be reforming.  For some of us who can no longer hold Sola Scriptura, I suggested a different alternative (an alternative that is by no means new by the way) as a means why which we can continue to reform.

Which leads me to the second point I want to make and one that may be the most important. I have absolutely no interest in imperialism of whatever form, be it cultural, historical, social, or theological.  I can say that without equivocation.  I find such an idea to be not only arrogant and destructive, but also decidedly un-Christians and completely counter-intuitive to the way of Jesus.  So when I privilege Prima Scriptura over Sola Scriptura I am by no means suggest that anyone who holds the latter dearly should immediately reject it for the sake of the former.  Not at all.  What I am trying to do is speak for those of us who can no longer hold Sola Scriptura and wish to explore another alternative.  I am not out to win everyone over to my side.  In my view, if Sola Scriptura works for you, if it helps you to better love God and neighbor in your context, if it helps you to participate in God’s kingdom of restoration and renewal, if it helps you bear witness to the good news, and if it helps you embody the fruits of the Spirit in your life, then I have no reason to dismantle it for you.  I would say the same of the alternative.  In the words of William Barclay, “No man can disregard a religion and a faith and a power which is able to make bad men good.”  If that involves Sola Scriptura, more power to you.  Go in peace to bear witness to God’s kingdom.  If it doesn’t, my hope in the original article was that I provide an alternative (again, not at all an original one!) that might you to do that.

My point here is that we should hold our views of Scripture, whatever they are, honestly understanding that they are only efficacious insofar as they push us toward transformation and restoration into the image of God.  If you can hold Sola Scriptura honestly and it does that, wonderful. Let us join together to do the work with which we have been charged.  Personally, I cannot hold Sola Scriptura in such a way.  And it is my hope that others who cannot will find a useful alternative.  For me, that alternative is Prima Scriptura, it is that sentiment that I sought to convey in the original post.

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Written by Blake Huggins

June 1st, 2009 at 6:30 am

  • As I understand it, The United Methodist Church officially holds the "prima scriptura" position. Our articles of religion and confession of faith no where specify a "sola scriptura" position (as we might have expected) but rather they say that scripture is the "final" authority - rather than the only authority. Futhermore, this position is fleshed out in the sections of the Book of Disipline that discuss Scripture, Tradition, Reason, and Experience (what I like to call "the four-fold way of theology").

    Tradition (which includes a number of writings, saints, liturgies, practices, hymns, and so on), Reasoning (my own logical reasoning, and the corporate reasoning of the church - which is another way of saying 'tradition'), and Experience (my own experiences of the Spirit, and the corporate experiences of the whole church - which is another way of saying 'tradition') - are all said to shape they way that we read and interpret scripture, while in each case Scripture is said to stand over and above all these other elements as primary.

    I believe that - no matter what people profess - this is exactly what all Protestants do. Consider the Baptists, for example, the Bible nowhere specifically says that believers (and not infants) must be Baptised by immersion only - this is one possible interpretation of what it does say - and this interpretation has become enshrined among Baptists as THE tradition that must be used to interpret scripture, even though most of the Baptists I know would certainly claim to hold to "Sola Sciptura" they nevertheless use the tradition that they have inherited in order to read it (exactly the same thing could be said about classic Pentecostals regarding the necessity of tongues).

    I am curious, though, as to why you consider it "imperialism" to try to persuade others that one way of concieving the world is more accurate than another? If I meet someone who does not believe in the existence of New York City (to use CS Lewis' example) because they have never been there, I would attempt to persuade them that it does in fact exist and is a wondrous place, as I have in fact been there. This is not intellectual "imperialism" it is simply correcting error with truth - which actually the Bible tells Christians to do on numerous occassions - though it certianly is out of fashion in our current cultural milieu.

    Nice post!
  • Hi Daniel. Thanks for the feedback.

    I've undoubtedly been influenced by Methodism and Wesley's theological legacy. That's where my view of Scripture is derived. And to be honest, I think it is a more honest approach for precisely the reasons your point out in your Baptist example. To me, Sola Scriptura is just untenable and impossible to hold, because we doubt exist in a vacuum. And neither does Scripture. We're always already influenced by our various traditions and inherited theologies. Not to mention the problems of interpretations. Just goes to show we all have a "canon-within-the-canon" so to speak.

    About the imperialism. I get what you are saying. I really do. But I don't find Lewis' example very convincing, mainly because I don't believe it to be analogous to theological premises (at least the ones we're talking about here, that gets very hairy very quick, I know). It seems that that would only work if I were denying the existence of Scripture, which would be about as silly as denying the existence of NYC. But this is a different genre to me. So maybe it would be better to compare it to one's experience with NYC, or one's opinion of NYC as a symbol of American culture, etc. We may view it differently, but we don't deny that it exists. Furthermore, to relate this to my original post on Prima, I would argue that because of our human limitations and our various interpretative biases, we cannot experience NYC purely as NYC-itself with all it's NYC-ness without any mediating lens. Yet we both affirm it exists and still hold individual views about it. I'm simply saying that each view of NYC, in that respect, is equally valid.

    To get back to the Bible, I affirm that both Prima and Sola are equally valid, but only one really works for me. However, I don't deny the use of Sola for those that hold it dear. Moreover, I would argue that those views of Scripture are only useful insofar as they help us to better love God and neighbor and to experience deep transformation into the mind of Christ.

    To use my Wesleyan heritage once more, I stand with John Wesley when he says "as to those issues that do not strike to the root of Christianity, we think and let think."
  • Chadholtz
    Good thoughts, Blake.

    l agree.
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